1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Errors: Value Guide & Rare Varieties
Complete 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar error guide. The 1971-D 40% silver transitional error is worth $4,000–$15,000+. Identify DDO varieties, clipped planchets, off-center strikes, and more.
Most 1971 Kennedy Half Dollars are worth 50¢ face value, but one rare planchet error can fetch $15,000 or more.
- 💰 1971-D 40% Silver Transitional Error: $4,000–$15,000+ — the Holy Grail of the Kennedy series
- 💰 1971-S Proof DDO FS-101: $75–$300+ — doubled motto lettering under magnification
- 💰 1971-D Business Strike DDO FS-101: $20–$200 — pivoted doubling on IN GOD WE TRUST
- 💰 Superb Gem MS67 (any mint): $1,500–$2,900+ — extreme condition rarity from bag damage
⚠️ Machine doubling is extremely common on 1971-D halves and is worth nothing. Weight alone cannot confirm the silver error — specific gravity testing is required.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Errors Error Checker
Check your coin for valuable errors and varieties
Values shown are typical retail estimates as of 2025-06 based on realized auction data and market analysis.
Error coin values vary significantly based on grade, eye appeal, and current market conditions.
Professional authentication (PCGS, NGC, or ANACS) is essential for high-value errors, especially the 1971-D silver transitional error.
Machine doubling (flat, shelf-like secondary images) is extremely common on 1971-D half dollars and has ZERO numismatic value.
Weight alone cannot confirm a silver transitional error due to planchet tolerance overlap — specific gravity testing is the definitive non-destructive method.
A certified holder from PCGS or NGC is strongly recommended before selling any suspected high-value error. Raw sales receive a fraction of certified value.
In 1971, the U.S. Mint stripped the last silver from the 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar — a moment of industrial chaos that accidentally created some of the most valuable modern error coins ever struck. Over 450 million of these coins are common pocket change worth exactly 50 cents. But a handful carry secret identities worth thousands. This guide gives you the exact diagnostic tools to tell them apart.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Specifications & Mintage
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Specifications & Mintage
Know your baseline coin before hunting errors. The 1971 transition from silver-clad to copper-nickel clad is the root cause of the series' most famous error.
| Denomination | 50¢ Kennedy Half Dollar |
| Composition | Copper-nickel clad — 75% copper / 25% nickel outer layers bonded to a pure copper core |
| Weight | 11.34 grams (±0.454g manufacturing tolerance) |
| Diameter | 30.61 mm |
| Edge | Reeded with a distinct copper-brown stripe through the center |
| Mints | Philadelphia (P — no mint mark), Denver (D), San Francisco (S — Proof only) |
| Business Strike Mintage | Over 450 million combined (Philadelphia + Denver) |
| Proof Coins | 1971-S only — struck for annual collector Proof Sets; Deep Cameo (DCAM) examples carry premiums |
The mint mark sits below the truncation of Kennedy's bust on the obverse (front). No mint mark = Philadelphia. D = Denver. S = San Francisco (1971-S coins are Proof only — a circulating S-mint business strike is highly unusual and warrants authentication).
⚠️ 1971: The Year Silver Disappeared
Prior to 1971, Kennedy Half Dollars were made with 40% silver. The 1971 switch to copper-nickel clad meant Denver had to purge its production lines of silver planchets. A tote bin of leftover 40% silver blanks was apparently not fully emptied before the new copper-nickel run began — creating the 1971-D silver transitional error. That industrial accident is now worth up to $15,000.
For standard non-error values, see our complete 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar value guide.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Quick Checks: Do You Have Something Valuable?
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Quick Checks: Do You Have Something Valuable?
Run through these checks in order. The first two are the highest-value opportunities. You'll need a 10x loupe (magnifying glass) and a precision digital scale (0.01g sensitivity) for the top finds.
Use a scale with 0.01g sensitivity. A reading near 11.50g is the first indicator of a possible silver planchet — but not definitive alone.
1971-D Silver Transitional Error — Denver coins only
The edge (rim) of the coin. Then weigh on a precision scale (0.01g sensitivity).
Edge is silver-grey with no copper-brown stripe. Weight near 11.50g (vs. standard 11.34g). Specific gravity near 9.53 is definitive confirmation.
Silver-plated coins also show a silver edge but specific gravity stays near 8.92. Thick clad planchets within tolerance can weigh 11.50g+ without being silver. Weight alone is not definitive.
1971-S Proof Doubled Die Obverse FS-101 — S-mint Proofs only
The motto IN GOD WE TRUST on the obverse (front). Focus on the word TRUST. Also check LIBERTY (especially the Y and RTY) and the date.
Under 10x magnification: distinct separation notches on the upper-left corners of T, R, and U in TRUST (light triple spread). Split serifs on IN GOD. Doubling on RTY of LIBERTY. This is a true Doubled Die Obverse (DDO) — the doubling is on the die itself, so every coin from that die looks identical.
Machine doubling: flat, shelf-like, smeared-looking secondary images. Zero value. Die deterioration on a worn Proof die. True DDO doubling is rounded and raised with crisp notches.
1971-D Business Strike DDO FS-101 — Denver coins only
The motto IN GOD WE TRUST on the obverse. Focus on the bottom serifs of the letters in TRUST.
Class V Pivoted Hub Doubling — the pivot point is near the date, so the doubling spread increases as you move clockwise toward TRUST. Notching on the bottom serifs of TRUST. Secondary image is rounded and raised.
Machine doubling is extremely common on 1971-D halves and has zero value. It looks flat and shelf-like, as if the letter was pushed sideways. This is the most important trap for Denver coins.
Clipped Planchet Error — All mints
The entire rim. Look for a curved or straight bite of metal missing from the edge.
A genuine clip shows the Blakesley Effect — the rim directly opposite the clip will be visibly weak or flat. Both curved clips (from overlapping blanking punches) and straight clips (from strip edges) are valid.
Post-mint damage from pliers or vises creates similar-looking missing metal but will not show the Blakesley Effect and will have sharp, irregular edges.
Off-Center Strike — All mints
The overall design. Is there a blank crescent of undesigned metal visible on one side?
Design is clearly shifted from center with blank metal visible. The date must be visible to identify the coin as 1971. Value rises steeply with the percentage off-center — 50%+ is the most prized.
A slightly off-center design with all details present (called an uncentered broadstrike) is worth only $10–$25. If the date is missing entirely, value drops to a generic Kennedy error (~$30–$50).
Machine Doubling — NOT Valuable (All mints)
The date, lettering, and design on both sides of the coin.
Flat, shelf-like secondary images beside letters and numbers. Looks like letters were smeared or pushed sideways. Extremely common on 1971-D half dollars.
True DDO shows rounded, raised secondary images with distinct notching at letter corners. Machine doubling is flat and has zero numismatic value no matter how pronounced it looks.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Errors & Values at a Glance
This table summarizes all known errors and varieties. High-value entries link to the full diagnostic guide below.
| Error Type | Designation | Mint | Rarity | Value Range | Top Auction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40% Silver Transitional Error | — | D | Rare | $4,000–$15,000+ | $13,000 (MS61) |
| Proof DDO FS-101 | FS-101 / DDO-004 | S | Scarce | $75–$300+ | $300 (PR68) |
| Business Strike DDO FS-101 | FS-101 / DDO-004 | D | Scarce | $20–$200 | $176 (MS66) |
| Off-Center Strike (50%+, date visible) | — | All | Scarce | $300–$500 | $360 (70% off) |
| Struck on Quarter Planchet | — | D | Very Rare | $150–$400+ | ~$400 |
| Struck on Dime Planchet | — | D | Extremely Rare | $500+ | — |
| Clipped Planchet (large / multiple) | — | All | Uncommon | $50–$100+ | Triple clip AU55 |
| Clipped Planchet (small, 5–10%) | — | All | Common | $15–$30 | — |
| Off-Center Strike (10–20%) | — | All | Uncommon | $30–$60 | — |
| Minor DDO (FS-102, FS-103) | FS-102 / FS-103 | S | Scarce | ~30–50% below FS-101 | — |
| Business Strike Superb Gem | MS67 | P / D | Rare | $1,500–$2,900+ | — |
| Proof — Standard | PR65–PR69 | S | Common | $5–$15 | — |
| Proof — Deep Cameo | PR69 DCAM | S | Scarce | $30–$50 | — |
| Business Strike Circulated | — | P / D | Extremely Common | 50¢ face value | — |
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Valuable Errors: Full Identification Guide
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Valuable Errors: Full Identification Guide
1971-D 40% Silver Transitional Error
Normal 1971-D (left) shows a copper-brown stripe in the edge. A silver transitional error (right) has a uniform silver-grey edge with no stripe.
Origin & Background
When the Denver Mint switched from 40% silver-clad planchets to copper-nickel clad for 1971, a tote bin of leftover silver planchets from the 1970 run appears to have not been fully emptied. These orphan silver blanks were fed into the coining presses alongside the new copper-nickel planchets, struck with 1971-D dies, and ejected into bins with millions of standard coins. Many circulated for years undetected before eagle-eyed collectors pulled them from change — which is why most known examples grade AU50–AU58.
How to Identify
- Step 1 — Edge test: Look at the reeded edge. A standard 1971-D clad coin always shows a copper-brown stripe through the center. A silver-clad error shows a uniform silver-grey edge with no copper stripe.
- Step 2 — Weight test: Weigh on a 0.01g scale. Target weight is 11.50g (vs. standard 11.34g). Any coin under 11.40g is almost certainly not silver. Note: a coin weighing 11.50g is NOT guaranteed to be silver — thick clad planchets exist.
- Step 3 — Specific gravity (SG) test: Weigh in air, then suspended in distilled water. Calculate SG = Air Weight ÷ (Air Weight − Water Weight). Copper-nickel clad = ~8.92. 40% silver clad = ~9.53. This is the only definitive non-destructive test.
The specific gravity test: weigh in air, then in water. Silver reads ~9.53; copper-nickel reads ~8.92. These values do not overlap.
False Positives to Avoid
Silver-plated coins (dipped in silver or chrome by third parties) will also show a silver edge. However, plating does not change the density — a plated copper-nickel coin will still yield a specific gravity near 8.92. Heavy clad planchets within manufacturing tolerance can weigh up to 11.79g and still be standard copper-nickel.
Market Values
- Circulated (AU50): Est. $4,000+
- About Uncirculated (AU58): $4,000–$9,000
- Mint State (MS60–MS61): $10,000–$15,000+
Auction Records
$13,000 for MS61 (NGC, eBay, April 2018). $9,900 for AU58 (PCGS, Stack's Bowers, August 2021). Do not sell raw — a certified holder from PCGS or NGC unlocks the full market value. Raw sales receive a fraction.
1971-S Proof Doubled Die Obverse — FS-101 / DDO-004
Normal TRUST lettering (left) vs. DDO FS-101 Proof (right) showing split serifs and separation notches on T, R, and U.
Origin & Background
A Doubled Die Obverse (DDO) occurs during die creation, not striking. The working die is pressed against a hub multiple times to impress the design. If the die shifts slightly between presses, the resulting die carries a doubled image — and every coin struck from that die shows identical doubling. The FS-101 is the premier variety for this series, listed in the Cherrypickers' Guide.
How to Identify
- IN GOD WE TRUST — primary target: Under 10x, look for a light triple spread on TRUST with distinct separation notches on the upper-left corners of the T, R, and U. The letters appear to have split serifs.
- IN GOD: Shows a double spread — letters appear thicker with split serifs.
- LIBERTY: Doubling visible on Y and RTY.
- Date: Sometimes visible doubling on the 197.
- Key distinction from MDDs: True DDO secondary images are rounded and raised with crisp notches at letter corners.
False Positives to Avoid
Machine doubling produces flat, shelf-like secondary images — as if the letter was pushed sideways. It has zero numismatic value. Also check for die deterioration doubling on worn Proof dies, which appears as fuzzy outlines, not the crisp split serifs of the FS-101. Minor varieties FS-102 (Class I rotated) and FS-103 (Class II distorted) also exist and typically trade 30–50% below FS-101 values.
Auction Records
$300 for PR68. $215 for PR67. Often cherry-picked from unopened 1971 Proof Sets or dealer bargain bins. See PCGS CoinFacts: 1971-S 50C DDO FS-101.
1971-D Business Strike DDO — FS-101 / DDO-004
Normal 1971-D motto (left) vs. DDO FS-101 Business Strike (right) showing pivoted Class V doubling with notched serifs on TRUST.
How to Identify
- Class V Pivoted Hub Doubling: The pivot point is near the date, so the doubling spread increases as you move clockwise toward LIBERTY and TRUST.
- TRUST serifs: Look for notching on the bottom serifs of T, R, U, S, T under 10x magnification.
- Secondary image test: The doubled image must be rounded and raised — not flat or shelf-like.
False Positives to Avoid
Machine doubling is extremely common on 1971-D half dollars. This is the single most important trap for Denver coins. If the doubled image is flat and looks smeared, it is machine doubling and has zero value — no matter how dramatic it appears.
Condition Note
Finding Mint State examples of this variety is difficult. Business strikes were bagged and shipped in bulk, causing heavy contact marks especially on Kennedy's open cheek fields. A 1971-D FS-101 in MS65 is a genuinely scarce coin.
Auction Records
$176 for MS66. See PCGS CoinFacts: 1971-D 50C DDO FS-101.
1971 Kennedy Half Clipped Planchet
A genuine clipped planchet shows a curved bite missing from the rim and corresponding weak rim detail directly opposite — the Blakesley Effect.
How to Identify
- Curved clip: A rounded bite missing from the edge, caused when the blanking punch overlaps a previously punched hole in the metal strip.
- Straight clip: A flat bite from the strip's end or side edge.
- Blakesley Effect (critical): The rim directly opposite the clip will show weakened or absent rim detail. This is the diagnostic that distinguishes a genuine mint clip from post-mint damage.
False Positives to Avoid
Damage from pliers, vises, or grinding can look like a clip. PMD will not show the Blakesley Effect, will have sharp irregular edges, and may show tool marks or uneven surfaces inconsistent with the smooth metal flow of a genuine blanking error.
Auction Records
A Triple Clipped Planchet in AU55 was recorded at Heritage Auctions, demonstrating that multiple clips add substantial value. See Heritage search: Heritage Auctions — 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar.
1971 Kennedy Half Off-Center Strike
A 50%+ off-center strike with the date clearly visible is worth $300–$500. Without the date, value drops to generic Kennedy error levels.
How to Identify
- The design is clearly shifted from center with a blank crescent of undesigned metal on one side.
- The date must be visible to attribute the coin as a 1971 — otherwise it is a generic Kennedy half error.
- Estimate the percentage: compare the width of the blank crescent to the coin's full diameter.
- A 1971-D 70% off-center example sold for $360 at auction.
Value Note
An uncentered broadstrike — where the planchet is slightly misaligned but all design details including the date are present — is worth only $10–$25. Off-center value rises steeply when 50%+ of the design is missing and the date remains visible.
1971-D Struck on Wrong Denomination Planchet
A half dollar struck on a quarter planchet (5.67g) is visibly smaller with peripheral design details cut off from metal flowing toward the edges.
How to Identify
- Quarter planchet: Weighs 5.67g (vs. standard 11.34g). The coin will be noticeably smaller than a normal half dollar, with design details cut off at the periphery as the smaller planchet expanded under striking pressure.
- Dime planchet: Weighs 2.27g. The coin would be very small and thin.
- Look for smooth, consistent metal flow toward the edges — not the irregular edges of post-mint alteration.
False Positives to Avoid
A filed or damaged coin reduced in size post-mint will show irregular tool marks, uneven surfaces, and sharp cut edges inconsistent with the smooth, gradual metal flow of a genuine wrong-planchet strike.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Traps: Common Mistakes That Cost Collectors Money
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Traps: Common Mistakes That Cost Collectors Money
These are the errors most likely to get your hopes up — and then let you down.
Machine Doubling (left) is flat, shelf-like, and worth zero. True DDO (right) shows rounded, raised letters with distinct notching at corners.
⚠️ Machine Doubling (MD / MDD)
Doubled letters, date, or design elements — looks similar to a true Doubled Die Obverse at first glance.
The die bounces or shifts slightly during the striking process, smearing the design as the metal flows. Extremely common on 1971-D half dollars due to high-volume production.
- The secondary image is flat and shelf-like — it looks as if the letter was pushed or smeared sideways.
- Under 10x: the doubling is on one side only and the shelf is flat, not raised.
- A true DDO has rounded, raised secondary images with distinct notching at letter corners.
Value: Face value only.
⚠️ Heavy Copper-Nickel Planchet (False Silver Error)
A 1971-D coin that weighs 11.50g or even heavier on a precise scale — appearing to match the silver planchet target weight.
The standard 11.34g copper-nickel clad planchet has a manufacturing tolerance of ±0.454g, so a coin within spec can weigh up to 11.79g. Thick planchets are common.
- Check the edge first: a genuine silver transitional error shows a uniform silver-grey edge with no copper-brown stripe.
- Perform a specific gravity test: copper-nickel = ~8.92; 40% silver = ~9.53. These values do not overlap.
- Weight alone is scientifically insufficient for authentication.
Value: Face value only.
⚠️ Silver-Plated Coins
A 1971 half dollar with a silver-looking edge and a white, silver-grey surface — seemingly matching the transitional error profile.
Third parties dip standard copper-nickel coins in silver, chrome, or nickel to make them look like silver errors. These are altered coins with no collector value.
- The specific gravity test is definitive: a plated copper-nickel coin still reads ~8.92, not ~9.53.
- Plating adds negligible weight and does not change the coin's density.
- Look for plating flaws — bubbles, uneven coverage, or peeling at the high points.
Value: Face value only (altered coin).
⚠️ Post-Mint Damage (PMD) Mistaken for Clips
A chunk of metal missing from the edge of the coin — looking like a clipped planchet error.
Coins damaged by pliers, vises, or grinders after minting can look like genuine clips to the untrained eye.
- A genuine clip shows the Blakesley Effect — weak rim detail directly opposite the clip. PMD does not.
- PMD shows sharp, irregular edges; genuine clips show smooth metal flow consistent with the blanking process.
- Tool marks, scratches, or irregular contours on the damaged area indicate PMD.
Value: Face value only.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Grading: How Condition Affects Value
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Grading: How Condition Affects Value
Grade — the numerical rating of a coin's condition from 1 to 70 — can mean the difference between $5 and $2,900 for the same 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar.
Deep Cameo (right) shows brilliant frosted devices against mirror-black fields. Standard Proof (left) has less dramatic contrast and lower value.
Business Strikes: The Bag Mark Problem
In 1971, business strikes were ejected into large canvas bags and transported in bulk. Heavy coins smashing against each other created bag marks (contact marks) — especially damaging on Kennedy's large, open cheek fields. A single deep scratch in this area can drop a coin two full grade points. This makes true MS67 examples statistically rare and valuable ($1,500–$2,900+), even though over 450 million coins were struck.
Proof Coins: The Cameo Factor
For 1971-S Proofs, condition involves two dimensions: the numeric grade (PR65–PR70) and the cameo designation:
- No designation: Shiny devices and shiny fields. Lowest premium.
- Cameo (CAM): Frosted devices on mirrored fields. Moderate premium.
- Deep Cameo (DCAM): Heavily frosted white devices on a black liquid-mirror field. Highest premium — a PR69 DCAM reaches $30–$50.
Never clean a coin — cleaning destroys the original surface and makes it ungradeable by professional services.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Authentication: When & Why to Get Certified
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Authentication: When & Why to Get Certified
Third-party grading (TPG) services — PCGS, NGC, and ANACS — encapsulate coins in tamper-evident plastic holders with a certified grade and attribution. For most 1971 half dollars, certification is unnecessary. But for a few, it is essential.
Always Certify
- 1971-D Silver Transitional Error: Do not sell this raw. Without a certified holder, buyers assume it is a fake and pay a fraction of true value. The $50–$100 certification fee is an investment that unlocks the $10,000+ market.
- Any coin you suspect is worth over $200: Certification provides authentication, grade guarantee, and dramatically improves sellability.
Consider Certifying
- 1971-S Proof DDO FS-101 in PR67+: Attribution adds significant value over an unattributed Proof coin.
- Business strike DDO FS-101 in MS65+: Scarce in high grade; certification with attribution enables full market pricing.
- Business strikes you believe are MS67+: These are rare enough that certification is worthwhile.
Skip Certification
Circulated business strikes, standard MS60–MS65 examples, and common proof coins without DDO attribution do not warrant the cost of certification — their certified value will not exceed the submission fee.
For dealer referrals and specialist contacts, consult the American Numismatic Association (ANA) dealer directory.
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Errors: Frequently Asked Questions
1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Errors: Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know if my 1971-D half dollar is silver?
Start with the edge: a standard coin shows a copper-brown stripe through the center of the reeded rim. A silver planchet shows a uniform silver-grey edge. Then weigh it — target is 11.50g vs. the standard 11.34g. Weight alone is not definitive due to planchet tolerance overlap. The only definitive non-destructive test is specific gravity: 40% silver clad measures ~9.53; copper-nickel measures ~8.92.
My coin has doubled lettering — is it a Doubled Die?
Probably not. Machine doubling (flat, shelf-like doubling) is extremely common on 1971-D half dollars and has zero numismatic value. A true Doubled Die Obverse (DDO) shows rounded, raised secondary images with distinct notching at the corners of letters, specifically in IN GOD WE TRUST. Use a 10x loupe and compare to the diagnostic images in this guide before getting excited.
Are 1971 half dollars worth anything beyond face value?
Most are not. Circulated examples are worth 50 cents. Uncirculated examples (MS60–MS65) bring $2–$25. The exceptions are: the 1971-D silver transitional error ($4,000–$15,000+), DDO varieties ($20–$300+), off-center strikes ($30–$500), and coins grading MS67 or better ($1,500–$2,900+).
Why is the 1971-D silver error so valuable?
It is a genuine industrial accident that should not exist. By 1971, 40% silver was legally obsolete for the half dollar denomination. The coins look nearly identical to standard clad coins, so many circulated undetected for years. Known examples are genuinely rare — the price gap between AU58 ($9,900) and MS61 ($13,000) reflects how difficult it is to find one that survived without wear.
Does the 1971-S Proof have silver in it?
No. The 1971-S Proof is copper-nickel clad, the same composition as the business strikes. The silver half dollar era ended with 1970. The 1971-S is valuable only for the DDO FS-101 variety or for exceptional Deep Cameo examples in the highest grades.
Where is the best place to find 1971 half dollar errors?
Local bank rolls obtained at face value offer the best return on investment. Be cautious of marketed "unsearched" rolls on auction platforms — these are usually searched rolls that have been repackaged. For certified errors, reputable auction houses like Heritage Auctions and Stack's Bowers offer authenticated examples with auction price history.
What tools do I need to check for errors?
At minimum: a 10x loupe (hand magnifying glass) for examining doubling and die varieties, and a precision digital scale with 0.01g sensitivity for checking the silver transitional error. For definitive silver authentication, you also need a container of distilled water and a thin thread to perform the specific gravity test.
Sources & Methodology
Sources & Methodology
Values reflect realized auction prices and market analysis as of mid-2025. All diagnostic information and prices are sourced from the following references:
- PCGS CoinFacts: 1971 50C Regular Strike
- PCGS CoinFacts: 1971-S 50C DDO FS-101 Proof
- PCGS CoinFacts: 1971-D 50C DDO FS-101
- Variety Vista: 1971-S DDO-004
- Variety Vista: 1971-D DDOs
- Coin World: 1971-D Silver Transitional Error
- CoinWeek: 1971 Kennedy Half Dollar Collector's Guide
- Stack's Bowers Auction Archive
A note on images: To help illustrate coin diagnostics and rare varieties — especially complex errors that are difficult to describe in text alone — this guide uses AI-generated images. All written values, diagnostics, and variety attributions have been manually reviewed against the cited sources above. While our editorial team works to ensure every image is accurate and helpful, AI-generated illustrations may occasionally misrepresent fine details. If you spot any discrepancy between an image and its written description, please contact us or leave a comment below — we review all feedback and correct errors promptly. Numismatic knowledge is a community effort, and your input helps us build a more accurate resource for everyone.
